alternaria alternata extract alt  (Greer Laboratories)

Journal: The Journal of Immunology Author Choice

Article Title: PGI 2 signaling metabolically reprograms CD4 Th2 cells and represses allergic airway inflammation

doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf130

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD4 + -specific PGI 2 signaling attenuates Alternaria -induced Th2 lung inflammation. (A) IP receptor expression (RT-PCR) in CD4 + T cells from CD4 Cre- IP flox (control) and CD4 Cre+ IP flox (IP-deficient) mice. (B) Experimental timeline: mice were intranasally sensitized/challenged daily with Alt on days 0 to 2 and 15 or 16, with mouse harvest on day 17. (C–E) IL-5, IL-13, and CCL11 levels in lung homogenates (ELISA). (F–J) BALF cellularity: total cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. (K–L) PAS-stained mucus production (representative image and quantification). (K, M–N) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)–stained inflammation (representative image and scores for peribronchiolar/perivascular infiltration). Data represent 3 experiments (n = 5–18 mice/group). * P < 0.05 by 2-way analysis of variance.

Article Snippet: CD4 Cre- IP flox and CD4 Cre+ IP flox mice were sensitized intranasally with Alternaria alternata extract (Alt) (Greer Laboratories; 2 μg in 40 μL PBS per mouse) or PBS as a control for 3 d. After a 13-d rest period, mice were challenged with Alt (0.125 μg in 40 μL PBS per mouse) for 2 consecutive days.

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Identification of a Neuroimmune Circuit that Regulates Allergic Inflammation in the Esophagus

doi: 10.1101/2024.11.16.623883

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Schematic of the intranasal allergic esophagus inflammation model using the protease allergen Alternaria alternata (ALT). (B) Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS) measurements taken immediately prior to intranasal allergen challenges. Allergen treated (n=6) vs. Control (n=6). Day 14 Allergen (red) vs. Day 14 Control (gray), grimace *p<0.05 allergen vs saline at the same time point, two-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak‘s post hoc, n=6 per group mean±SEM. #p<0.05 AUC allergen vs saline overall, student’s t-test, n=6 per group. (C) MGS measurements on day 26 immediately prior (Pre) and 20 minutes after (Post) intranasal allergen administration. *p<0.05. Two-Way ANOVA with Multiple Comparisons. Mean ± SEM. (D) Schematic of the calcium assay beginning with the allergic esophagus inflammation model outlined in with Pirt-GCAMP6 mice. Dissection, dissociation, and culturing of VG and T1-T4 DRG is completed two days after final ALT treatment. Imaging of cells completed <24 hours after dissection. (E-F) ATP responsive (E) and capsaicin responsive (F) DRG neurons shown in red as a percentage of total KCl-responsive neurons shown in black (left), fluorescence intensity changes (middle), and representative calcium transients from sensory neurons of PBS and ALT treated mice in response to capsaicin (1 um) or ATP (150 um) stimulation. The arrow indicates when the stimulus was added. Each dot represents one cell. (right) *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ****p<0.0001, percent responders: chi squared test, fluorescent intensity changes: unpaired T-test; DRG n>25 from ≥3 Pirt-GCAMP6 mice. Data shown as mean +/- SEM.

Article Snippet: Allergic esophageal inflammation was induced by intranasal administration of Alternaria alternata extract (Greer Laboratories, Inc.; 2 mg/dose in 30 ul of sterile phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) three times a week for a total of 11-12 injections.

Techniques: Control, Saline, Calcium Assay, Dissection, Imaging, Fluorescence

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Identification of a Neuroimmune Circuit that Regulates Allergic Inflammation in the Esophagus

doi: 10.1101/2024.11.16.623883

Figure Lengend Snippet: Increased esophageal sensory neuron innervation density in the lamina propria of allergen-treated mice. (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of BIII-tubulin in longitudinal esophageal cuts from NaV1.8-Cre R26CAG-floxStop-tdTomato mice treated with PBS and intranasal ALT. (B) Murine Esophageal NaV1.8-tdT+ nerve area; LP tissue control vs Alternaria treated, ****p<0.0001. Data were obtained from 3 independent experiments; allergen treated (n=8) vs. Control (n=4). (C) Murine Esophageal BIII-tubulin nerve density. Data were obtained from 2 independent experiments; allergen treated (n=6) vs. Control (n=5). Individual data points represent a separate section of esophagus. Two-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons, horizontal line shows mean.

Article Snippet: Allergic esophageal inflammation was induced by intranasal administration of Alternaria alternata extract (Greer Laboratories, Inc.; 2 mg/dose in 30 ul of sterile phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) three times a week for a total of 11-12 injections.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Control